William evans



No. 623,357. Patented Apr. l8, I899. w. EVANS.

PNEUMATIC APPARATUS FOR RAISING LHIUIDS.

(Application filed m 21, 1898.)

(No Model.)

INVEN TOR y E/M with STATES Fries,

PATENT \VILLIAM EVANS, OF MANCHESTER, ENGLAND.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 623,357, dated April18, 1899.

Application filed May 2'7, 1898. Serial No. 681,892. (No model.)

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Be it known that I, WILLIAM EVANS, engineer, a subject of the Queen ofGreat Britain and Ireland, residing at 5 Clifford street, Eccles NewRoad, Salford, Manchester, in the county of Lancaster, England, haveinvented a certain new and useful Improvement in Pneumatic Apparatus forRaising Liquids and Closing Doors, (for which I have made applicationsin Great Britain, No. 25,781, dated November 6, 1897, and No. 7,616,dated March 30, 1898, and in Germany, dated March 28, 1898,) of whichthe following is a specification.

My said invention relatesto improvements in pneumatic apparatus forraising liquids and which may also be used for closing doors.

My improved apparatus consists, essentially, of a novel air-pump whichmay be actuated either by the foot of the operator or mechanically, aswill be hereinafter fully described.

My improved air-pump, although applicable for various purposes, isprincipally intended for use in forcing up or raising beer, porter, andthe like beverages from a cellar or other situation to a restaurant orhotel bar or the like.

The accompanying two sheets of drawings illustrate my invention moreclearly.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a sectional elevation of myimproved pumpbroken in length for want of space. Fig. 2 is a plan View of the same.Fig. 3 is a modified form of pump.

The cylinder a is screwed or otherwise suitably secured to a cover 1),which may be secured to the floor by screws or bolts passing through theholes Z) in the cover 1) or by other convenient means. lVorking withinthe interior of the cylinder is a piston 0, carried by a suitableplunger d, the upper end of the plunger being provided with afoot-plate. The piston c is conveniently packed, so that on its descentit shall work fluid-tight within the cylinder (1, but on its ascendingstroke will allow air to pass around its edges to the under side of thepiston 0, so as to charge the cylinder with air for the next downwardstroke. This is effected in the following manner: Upon the hollowplunger (Z I braze or otherwise secure a screwed ring (1. A piston-ringc is screwed upon the ring (1'', and

upon this ring 6 is disposed an annular ring of leatherfor othersuitable resilient material, formed with a downwardly-curving projectingedge f. A washer f is placed upon the leather ringfian d a lock-nutfbinds the whole to the ring d upon the hollow plunger (Z. On thedownward stroke of the piston the compressed air within the cylinderwill tend to force outward the curved edge f of the leatherfagainst thewall of the cylinder, and thus prevent leakage. On the up stroke of thepiston the air which enters through the hole b in the cover I) canfreely pass between the curved edge f of the packing-ringfand the wallof the cylinder a, the air-pressure tending to force the edge f of thepacking-ring away from contact with the interior wall of the cylinder.

The bottom of the cylinder at is in the form of a screwed cap or cover6, provided with a packing-ring g to form a fluid-tight connectionbetween the cylinder and the cap g. The cap 9 is provided with anannular recess gio accommodate the curved edge of the packingring, sothat the piston may be traversed to the bottom of the cylinder, and thusincrease the length of stroke to the utmost capacity of the cylinder.

To the bottom cover 9 of the cylinder at I secure, by brazing or otherconvenient means, a metallic tube lb or auxiliary cylinder of smallerdiameter, and the plunger d, projecting below the pistonof the cylinderat, is adapted to work within this tube. The diameter of the tube It isslightly greater than the plunger d, and the lower end of the plunger isprovided with a packing-ring t', similar in construction to thepacking-ring f of the piston c in the larger cylinder CL.

The packing-ring 'i is secured to the closed end of the plunger by meansof a screw 1', The tube h is connected with the air-pipe j, leading tothe cask or other receptacle containing the beer to be raised, by aunion k or other suitable means. A fluid-tight connectionbetween thetube h and the air-pipe j is provided for by the packing-ring j, againstwhich the end of the air-pipe is jammed by the union 70.

At the commencement of its stroke both the piston c and the packing-ringiat the end of the plunger (1 are at the top of their rering carried bythe foot of the plunger (Z into the air-tube j.

Fig. 1 shows the piston c and packing-ring i at the lower end of thestroke. The back pressure of the air thus forced within the airpipe j,acting upon the packin g-rin g 2', carried on the lower part of theplunger d, causes the plunger to be automatically raised ready for thenext downward stroke. Thus by a slight consumption or reduction of theair-pressure forced by the downward stroke of the piston 0 into theair-pipe j the plunger is always automatically raised, and the pump isthus always in position to be operated without any attention on the partof the operator.

' The improved pump may be varied in construction, as shown in Fig. 3.For instance, the auxiliary cylinder or tube h may be carried within thecylinder at The hollow plunger d instead of projecting below the pistono, as before, terminates at the point where it is secured to the piston.The tube h is disposed within the plunger d and is in connection withthe air-pipej, secured to the bottom of the cylinder a. An annular spaceis left between the plunger d and tube h. The piston is provided, asbefore, with a packing-ring f, secured to the piston c by screws and anut f The packing-ring f is provided, as before, with adownwardly-curved edge f and in addition an upwardly-curved edge fsurrounding the tube h. On the downward stroke of the piston the'air isforced past the curved lip f surrounding the tube h, entering within thehollow plunger cl, and passing down the open top of the tube h to theairpipe j. The air-pressure thus raised within the air-pipe j, acting onthe closed top (1* of.

the hollow plunger (1, automatically raises the same when released fromthe pressure of the operators foot, the curved lip f preventing theescapeof air. The piston c is shown in its lowest position within thecylinder at.

I declare that what I claim is 1., In combination, the cylinder, theplunger d, the tube 71, said plunger and tube being arranged one withinthe other, the piston connected with the plunger andworkin g within thecylinder and packing extending across the space between the plunger andtube, substantially as described.

2. In combination, the cylindelgthe plunger working therethrough, andhaving a piston in the cylinder, the tube It extending .from thecylinder and about the plunger and the packing carried by the plungerwithin the tube 71, substantially as described. v

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twowitnesses.

VILLIAM EVANS.

\Vitn esses:

JOSHUA ENTwIsLE, ALFRED YATES.

